Richard Maitland, 4th Earl of Lauderdale (20 June 1653,

Haltoun House Haltoun House, or Hatton House (or occasionally Argile House), was a Scottish baronial mansion set in a park, with extensive estates in the vicinity of Ratho, in the west of Edinburgh City Council area, Scotland. It was formerly in Midlothi ...

– 1695,

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, France) was a Scottish politician.

Life

He was the eldest son of

Charles Maitland, 3rd Earl of Lauderdale Charles Maitland, 3rd Earl of Lauderdale (c. 1620 – 9 June 1691), was the second son (''The Great Seal of Scotland'' gives him as third son) of John Maitland, 1st Earl of Lauderdale (died 1645). Maitland was born at Lethington. Following the ...

, and his spouse Elizabeth Lauder. Before succeeding to the Lauderdale title, Richard Maitland was styled "of Over-Gogar", one of the Haltoun properties. Thereafter he was known as Lord Maitland until his own succession as 4th Earl. On 9 October 1678 he was sworn a

Privy Councillor A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mon ...

and appointed joint General of the Mint with his father. From 3 April 1680 he was

Lord Justice Clerk The Lord Justice Clerk is the second most senior judge in Scotland, after the Lord President of the Court of Session. Originally ''clericus justiciarie'' or Clerk to the Court of Justiciary, the counterpart in the criminal courts of the Lord ...

, but in 1684 he was deprived of that office, on account of suspected communications with his father-in-law, Argyll, who had escaped in 1681 to

Holland Holland is a geographical regionG. Geerts & H. Heestermans, 1981, ''Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Deel I'', Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, p 1105 and former province on the western coast of the Netherlands. From the 10th to the 16th c ...

. However, by 1687 he was restored to favour, appointed

Treasurer-depute The Treasurer-depute was a senior post in the pre-Union government of Scotland. It was the equivalent of the English post of Chancellor of the Exchequer. Originally a deputy to the Treasurer, the Treasurer-depute emerged as a separate Crown ap ...

, and supported James II and VII when he was deposed in a coup by his son-in-law, William, who had been invited to take the throne by a group of nobles who were disaffected by James' Catholicism and alarmed by the prospect of a Catholic succession occasioned by the birth of his heir, James Francis Edward. James' flight from his son-in-law's army was falsely depicted as an "abdication" by its supporters, and the coup became known among those supporting it as "

The Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution; gd, Rèabhlaid Ghlòrmhor; cy, Chwyldro Gogoneddus , also known as the ''Glorieuze Overtocht'' or ''Glorious Crossing'' in the Netherlands, is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and ...

". Richard, Lord Maitland, was present at the

Battle of the Boyne The Battle of the Boyne ( ga, Cath na Bóinne ) was a battle in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland, and those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II (his cousin and ...

on the side of King James, 1 July 1690, after which he retired to

Limerick Limerick ( ; ga, Luimneach ) is a western city in Ireland situated within County Limerick. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. With a population of 94,192 at the 2016 ...

and subsequently went to the exiled Court of James II at

Saint-Germain-en-Laye Saint-Germain-en-Laye () is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, from the centre of Paris. Inhabitants are called ''Saint-Germanois'' or ''Saint-Ge ...

. The following year he succeeded to the Earldom of Lauderdale, but was outlawed by the Court of Justiciary on 23 July 1694. Whilst in exile in France he translated the works of Virgil into English, published posthumously as The Works of Virgil Translated into English Verse, pub Bernard Lintott, at the Cross Keys, Fleet Street, 1709. Dryden had a copy "The late Earl of Lauderdale sent me his new translation of the Aenis: which he had finished before I ingag'd in the same Design... The 4th Earl of Lauderdale married, 1 July 1678, Anne (d. 1734) daughter of

Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll (26 February 1629 – 30 June 1685) was a Scottish peer and soldier. The hereditary chief of Clan Campbell, and a prominent figure in Scottish politics, he was a Royalist supporter during the latter stage ...

. They left no issue and the Earldom passed to Richard's brother,

John Lauder or Maitland, 5th Earl of Lauderdale John Maitland (later Lauder), 5th Earl of Lauderdale (1655 – 30 August 1710, both at Haltoun House, Ratho, Midlothian, Scotland) was a Scottish judge and politician who supported the Acts of Union. Biography Maitland was the second son of Cha ...

. He died 1695.

References

* * ''The Scots Peerage'', by Sir James Balfour Paul, Edinburgh, 1905, under 'Lauderdale'. * ''The Pedigree Register'', edited by George Sherwood, volume 3, London, 1914, pp. 144–5.

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maitland, Richard 4th Earl of Lauderdale Maitland, Richard, 4th Earl of Lauderdale Maitland, Richard, 4th Earl of Lauderdale Earls of Lauderdale Members of the Privy Council of Scotland Politicians from Edinburgh Maitland, Richard, 4th Earl of Lauderdale Maitland, Richard, 4th Earl of Lauderdale Maitland, Richard, 4th Earl of Lauderdale Jacobite military personnel of the Williamite War in Ireland Treasurers-depute Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1678 Members of the Parliament of Scotland 1681–1682 Commissioners of the Treasury of Scotland Scottish translators 17th-century Scottish peers Translators of Virgil Scottish exiles